دگرگونی در مواضع کشورهای جهان اسلام و بازیگران بین المللی نسبت به بحران غزه: رویکرد گفتمانی و عملکرد سیاسی

Abstract

The recent Gaza crisis, initiated by Palestinian resistance operations and the subsequent large-scale Israeli military response, represents a critical and complex phase of the Palestinian–Israeli conflict. This study examines the evolving positions of Islamic countries and international actors, focusing on how these shifts reflect broader political discourses and practices at regional and global levels. Using a qualitative formative analysis, the research analyzes political statements, diplomatic actions, media coverage, and public responses to identify patterns in state behavior and discourse. The findings indicate that initial international reactions, particularly from the United States and several European states, favored Israel unconditionally but shifted toward calls for restraint as civilian casualties and urban destruction increased. Islamic countries displayed diverse responses: Iran and its allies adopted confrontational policies, while Qatar and Saudi Arabia pursued mediation-oriented diplomacy. Social media and global public opinion played an unprecedented role in influencing political stances and diplomatic actions. The discussion highlights that the crisis has re-centered the Palestinian issue in Middle Eastern geopolitics, disrupted normalization trends between some Arab states and Israel, and demonstrated the fragmented nature of Islamic countries’ positions. This diversity continues to hinder the formation of a unified Islamic response, illustrating the complexity of political alignment and discourse in contemporary international relations.