جماليات الرثاء في شعر أبي ذؤيب الهذلي "دراسة تحليلية"

Abstract

Elegy in pre-Islamic Arabic poetry embodies the Arab’s profound emotional response to loss, finding one of its most poignant expressions in Abū Dhūʾayb al-Hudhalī’s elegy for his five sons. This study examines the aesthetic dimensions of this elegy, known as al-ʿAyniyya, to uncover its rhetorical, structural, and semantic artistry as an integrated poetic whole. Using a descriptive-analytical method, the research combines rhetorical analysis, focusing on metaphor, simile, metonymy, and eloquent expression, with structural analysis addressing syntactic, phonetic, and morphological features. The findings demonstrate a refined stylistic diversity and aesthetic precision in the poet’s use of rhetorical and grammatical devices, which effectively convey deep emotion and human sensitivity. The analysis further reveals that the poem’s semantic unity is sustained through binary contrasts such as life and death, patience and grief, and wisdom and emotion. The elegy’s organic progression, from astonishment and grief to reflection and acceptance, reflects a transformation of personal sorrow into universal contemplation. Moreover, its musical structure, shaped by the al-Kāmil metre, the al-ʿAyn rhyme, and internal sound harmony, enhances the elegy’s emotional impact and enduring artistic beauty.